Fig. 2 | the cGAsstinG DnA sensing pathway. Cytosolic DNA sensing by the cyclic GMPAMP synthase (cGAS)stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is implicated in a variety of biological processes. The prime function of this pathway is in host defence, but new studies have established a link between this pathway and the development of a variety of inflammatory conditions and have revealed ...
Sensing of HSV1 by the cGAS–STING pathway in microglia orchestrates antiviral defence in the CNS Line S. Reinert1,2, Katarı´na Lopusˇna ´1,3, Henriette Winther1,2, Chenglong Sun1,2, Martin K. Thomsen1,2, Ramya Nandakumar1,2, Trine H. Mogensen1,2,4, Morten Meyer5, Christian Vægter1, Jens R. Nyengaard6, Katherine A. Fitzgerald7 Søren R. Paludan1,2 Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is ...
The presence of DNA in the cytosol is usually a sign of microbial infections, which alerts the host innate immune system to mount a defense response. Cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) is a critical cytosolic DNA sensor that elicits robust innate immune responses through the production of the second messenger, cyclic GMP‐AMP (cGAMP), which binds and activates stimulator of interferon genes ...
The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes that can lead to senescence or to the activation of defense mechanisms. DNA is normally found in the nucleus of the cell. Localization of DNA to the cytosol is associated with tumorigenesis, viral infection, and ...
07/04/2015· Interferon γinducible protein 16 (IFI16) and cGMPAMP synthase (cGAS) have both been proposed to directly detect herpesviral DNA in herpes simplex virus (HSV)infected cells and initiate interferon regulatory factor3 signaling, but it has been unclear how two DNA sensors could both be required. Both are required in human fibroblasts for detection of HSV and transfected DNAs.
the cGASSTING pathway, but such virusencoded antagonists remain largely unknown. Here, we identify the viral oncogenes of the DNA tumor viruses, including E7 from human papillomavirus (HPV) and E1A from adenovirus, as potent and specific inhibitors of the cGASSTING pathway. We show that the LXCXE motif of these oncoproteins, which is
21/07/2015· Modulation of the cGASSTING DNA sensing pathway by gammaherpesviruses Zhe Maa, Sarah R. Jacobsa, John A. Westa, Charles Stopforda, Zhigang Zhanga, Zoe Davisb,c, Glen N. Barberd, Britt A. Glaunsingerb, Dirk P. Dittmera,e,f, and Blossom Damaniaa,e,f,1 aLineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; …
The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes. DNA is normally found in the nucleus of the cell. Localization of DNA to the cytosol is associated with tumorigenesis or viral infection. Property Value; dbo:abstract: The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of ...
13/10/2015· Upon DNA stimulation, cyclic GMPAMP synthetase (cGAS) synthesizes the second messenger cyclic GMPAMP (cGAMP) that binds to the STING, triggering antiviral interferonβ (IFNβ) production. However, it has remained undetermined how hosts ...
important for host defense by sensing microbial DNA via TLR9. pDCs also play a critical role in the pathogenesis of IFNdriven autoimmune diseases. Yet, this autoimmune reaction is caused by the recognition of selfDNA and has been linked to TLR9independent pathways. Increasing evidence suggests that the cytosolic DNA receptor cyclic GMPAMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a critical …
CGAS–STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway. The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes that can lead to senescence or to the activation of defense mechanisms. DNA is normally found in the nucleus of the cell. Localization of DNA to the cytosol is …
The cGAS–STING pathway is a component of the innate immune system that functions to detect the presence of cytosolic DNA and, in response, trigger expression of inflammatory genes that can lead to senescence or to the activation of defense mechanisms. DNA is normally found in the nucleus of the cell. Localization of DNA to the cytosol is associated with tumorigenesis, viral infection, and ...
cGMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) sensing has emerged as a key regulator of innate immune responses to both exogenous and endogenous DNA. Recent studies reveal critical roles for this pathway in natural antitumor immunity across cancer types as well as in immune checkpoint blockade therapy. However, it is also clear that some tumors evade cGAS–STING …
01/06/2017· 1. ABSTRACT Kaposi''s sarcoma?associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a large DNA tumor virus that is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), the most prevalent AIDSassociated malignancy. KS is an angiog...
The cGAS–STING pathway forms a major DNAsensing mechanism in mammalian cells. This Review summarizes the current knowledge of cGAS–STING signalling and regulation, highlighting emerging ...
30/04/2021· Cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS: regulation, function, and human diseases. ...
Although cGASSTING–mediated DNA sensing in tumor cells or phagocytes is central for launching antitumor immunity, the role of intrinsic cGASSTING activation in T cells remains unknown.
Dysregulation of the cGASSTING pathway is responsible for a broad array of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recently, evidence has shown that selfDNA release and cGASSTING pathway overactivation can drive lung disease, making this pathway a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory lung disease. Here, we review recent advances on the cGASSTING pathway governing selfDNA sensing ...
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